2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK
  4. Insulin Receptor

Insulin Receptor

Insulin Receptor

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Insulin receptor (IR), a phylogenetically ancient tyrosine kinase receptor, is a large cell surface glycoprotein that concentrates insulin at the site of action and also initiates responses to insulin. The receptor is a disulfide-linked oligomer comprised of two alpha and two beta subunits. The insulin receptor exists in two isoforms, IR-A and IR-B, expressed in different relative abundance in the various organs and tissues. The two IR isoforms have similar binding affinity for insulin but different affinity for insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-2 and proinsulin, which are bound by IR-A but not IR-B.

The insulin receptor has a crucial role in controlling glucose homeostasis, regulating lipid, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, and modulating brain neurotransmitter levels. Insulin receptor dysfunction has been associated with many diseases, including diabetes, cancer and Alzheimer's disease.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-P1433
    [Pro3]-GIP (Rat)
    		Agonist
    [Pro3]-GIP (Rat) is a selective GIP receptor partial agonist with a Ki of 13 nM. [Pro3]-GIP (Rat) can be used in diabetes research.
    [Pro3]-GIP (Rat)
  • HY-W342441
    Monosialoganglioside GM3 (bovine)
    		Inhibitor
    Monosialoganglioside GM3 (bovine) is a monosialoganglioside and an inhibitor of VEGFR2 and Akt. At a concentration of 20 μM, Monosialoganglioside GM3 inhibits angiogenesis and reduces the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by inhibiting VEGFR2 and Akt phosphorylation. Ganglioside GM3 also inhibits ferroptosis, providing protective effects during the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Additionally, Monosialoganglioside GM3 (bovine) acts as an inhibitor of insulin signaling, inducing the dissociation of the insulin receptor (IR)-Caveolin-1 complex from lipid microdomains and causing insulin resistance in adipocytes. Monosialoganglioside GM3 (bovine) can be used in cancer and metabolic disease research.
    Monosialoganglioside GM3 (bovine)
  • HY-P3577
    [Tyr0] Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (23-42), human
    [Tyr0] Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (23-42), human, a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), is a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion that also stimulates insulin secretion. [Tyr0] Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (23-42), human can be used in diabetes, obesity research.
    [Tyr0] Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (23-42), human
  • HY-P5433F
    IRS-1 Peptide, FAM labeled
    		Substrate
    IRS-1 Peptide, FAM labeled is a biological active peptide. (Insulin receptor substrate)
    IRS-1 Peptide, FAM labeled
  • HY-13312A
    GTx-134
    		Inhibitor
    GTx-134 is a dual insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor/insulin receptor (IGF-1R/IR) inhibitor with an IC50 values for IGF-1R and IR of 97 and 187 nM respectively. GTx-134 inhibits the autophosphorylation of IGF-1R and its downstream signaling pathway (Akt), thereby blocking the proliferation and survival signals of tumor cells. GTx-134 has broad-spectrum inhibitory activity against multiple myeloma cell lines and can induce apoptosis in sensitive cells. GTx-134 significantly inhibits tumor growth in mice with MM1.S cell transplantation. GTx-134 works in synergy with existing therapies (such as protease preparations, immunomodulators). GTx-134 can be used in high-risk myeloma research.
    GTx-134
  • HY-P5291
    CPF-7
    CPF-7 (Caerulein precursor fragment) is an insulin-releasing peptide that stimulates the release of insulin. CPF-7 can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition by upregulating Snai1 expression in PANC-1 ductal cells. CPF-7 also induces exocrine plasticity by upregulating Ngn3 expression. CPF-7 can be used in the research of type 2 diabetes.
    CPF-7
  • HY-101758
    BM-131246
    BM-131246 is an oral antidiabetic agent.
    BM-131246
  • HY-114118F5
    Semaglutide, Cy5 labeled
    		Activator
    Semaglutide, Cy5 labeled is a CY5 (HY-D0821) labeled Semaglutide (HY-114118), which is suitable for high-sensitivity fluorescence detection and imaging (Ex/Em = 633/670 nm).
    Semaglutide, Cy5 labeled
  • HY-153479C
    Aganirsen sodium scrambled negative control
    		Inhibitor
    Aganirsen sodium scrambled negative control is the sequence scrambled negative control of Aganirsen sodium.
    Aganirsen sodium scrambled negative control
  • HY-P1901
    Insulin alpha-chain (1-13)
    Insulin alpha-chain (1-13) is a human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DR4-restricted epitope comprising the first 13 amino acids of the insulin A-chain.
    Insulin alpha-chain (1-13)
  • HY-182280
    BDM71230
    BDM71230 is an orally active inducer of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), with an EC50 of 1.9 μM against human IDE. BDM71230 binds to the interface of IDE dimers and enhances the catalytic activity of IDE via steric effects. BDM71230 can potentiate the hydrolytic effect of IDE on insulin and slightly attenuate the hypoglycemic effect of insulin. BDM71230 serves as a pharmacological tool for investigating IDE function and is applicable to studies related to glucose intolerance.
    BDM71230
  • HY-114118C
    Semaglutide sodium
    		Activator
    Semaglutide sodium is a long-acting, selective, competitive GLP-1R agonist that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. After activating GLP-1R, Semaglutide sodium promotes insulin secretion, inhibits gastric emptying and appetite, and at the same time enhances autophagy, inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis. Semaglutide sodium also regulates mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism (such as reducing de novo lipogenesis in the liver). Semaglutide sodium has activities such as lowering blood sugar, reducing weight, neuroprotection (such as improving motor function in Parkinson's disease models, reducing α-synuclein aggregation) and improving hepatic steatosis. Semaglutide sodium can be used for the study of neurodegenerative diseases and liver diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, Parkinson's disease, metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MASLD), and cancer.
    Semaglutide sodium
  • HY-112469
    ERK Inhibitor II (Negative control)
    		Inhibitor
    ERK Inhibitor II (Negative control) is an effective inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). ERK Inhibitor II (Negative control) inhibits the activation of insulin receptor, which can be used in the study of diabetes.
    ERK Inhibitor II (Negative control)
  • HY-177810
    IGFIIR aptamer sodium
    		Inhibitor
    IGFIIR aptamer sodium is an IGFIIR-specific aptamer that can be potentially used as a targeting ligand for the treatment and diagnosis of liver fibrosis.
    IGFIIR aptamer sodium
  • HY-100038
    AZD9362
    		Inhibitor
    AZD9362 is a reversible, ATP-competitive and orally active small molecule inhibitor of IGF-1R and insulin receptor. AZD9362 inhibits the IGF-1R enzyme with an IC50 of 14 nM. AZD9362 can enhance the anti-tumor effect of AZD5363 (HY-15431). AZD9362 can be used for the research of cancer, such as breast cancer.
    AZD9362
  • HY-P11285
    LAGIPRA peptide
    		Agonist
    LAGIPRA peptide is a long-acting GIP1R agonist. LAGIPRA peptide enhances insulin sensitivity by augmenting glucose disposal and reduces branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and ketoacids. LAGIPRA peptide has the potential for the research of type 2 diabetes.
    LAGIPRA peptide
  • HY-P11321
    IUB0271
    IUB0271 (acyl-GIP) is a fatty acylated and long-acting glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). IUB0271 increases cFos neuronal activity in hypothalamic feeding centers and decreases body weight, food intake and glycemia in DIO mouse models, and these effects depend on CNS-GIPR signaling. IUB0271 can be used for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity research.
    IUB0271
  • HY-153479
    Aganirsen
    		Inhibitor
    Aganirsen is a 25 mer DNA antisense oligonucleotide, which silences expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1).
    Aganirsen
  • HY-165385
    AZ-DF 265
    		Activator
    AZ-DF 265 is a hypoglycemic agent that stimulates insulin release. AZ-DF-265 inhibits ATP-sensitive potassium channels, activates voltage-dependent calcium channels, allows calcium ion influx, and ultimately promotes insulin secretion. AZ-DF 265 can be used in diabetes-related research.
    AZ-DF 265
  • HY-19176
    S-15261
    		Activator
    S-15261 is an orally active and potent anti-hyperglycemic agent. S-15261 reduces hepatic glucose production through direct and insulin-sensitizing effects. S-15261 can be used for the research of insulin resistance syndrome.
    S-15261
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity